topology (point-set topology, point-free topology)
see also differential topology, algebraic topology, functional analysis and topological homotopy theory
Basic concepts
fiber space, space attachment
Extra stuff, structure, properties
Kolmogorov space, Hausdorff space, regular space, normal space
sequentially compact, countably compact, locally compact, sigma-compact, paracompact, countably paracompact, strongly compact
Examples
Basic statements
closed subspaces of compact Hausdorff spaces are equivalently compact subspaces
open subspaces of compact Hausdorff spaces are locally compact
compact spaces equivalently have converging subnet of every net
continuous metric space valued function on compact metric space is uniformly continuous
paracompact Hausdorff spaces equivalently admit subordinate partitions of unity
injective proper maps to locally compact spaces are equivalently the closed embeddings
locally compact and second-countable spaces are sigma-compact
Theorems
Analysis Theorems
synthetic differential geometry
Introductions
from point-set topology to differentiable manifolds
geometry of physics: coordinate systems, smooth spaces, manifolds, smooth homotopy types, supergeometry
Differentials
Tangency
The magic algebraic facts
Theorems
Axiomatics
Models
differential equations, variational calculus
Chern-Weil theory, ∞-Chern-Weil theory
Cartan geometry (super, higher)
geometric representation theory
representation, 2-representation, ∞-representation
Grothendieck group, lambda-ring, symmetric function, formal group
principal bundle, torsor, vector bundle, Atiyah Lie algebroid
Eilenberg-Moore category, algebra over an operad, actegory, crossed module
Be?linson-Bernstein localization?
The subject of equivariant differential topology is the enhancement of results of differential topology from plain manifolds/topological spaces to those equipped with actions of some group (G-spaces) – the equivariance group.
(fixed loci of smooth proper actions are submanifolds)
Let be a smooth manifold, a Lie group and a proper action by diffeomorphisms (e.g. any smooth action if is compact, by this Prop.).
Then the -fixed locus is a smooth submanifold.
If in addition is equipped with a Riemannian metric and acts by isometries, then the submanifold is a totally geodesic submanifold.
(e.g. Ziller 13, theorem 3.5.2, see also this MO discussion)
Let be any fixed point. Since this is in particular a closed invariant submanifold, Prop. applies and shows that an open neighbourhood of in is -equivariantly diffeomorphic to a linear representation . The fixed locus of that is hence diffeomorphic to an open neighbourhood of in .
Without the assumption of proper action in Prop. the conclusion generally fails. See this MO comment for a counter-example.
(existence of -invariant Riemannian metrics on G-manifolds)
Let be a smooth manifold, a compact Lie group and a proper action by diffeomorphisms.
Then there exists a Riemannian metric on which is invariant with respect to the -action, hence such that all elements of act by isometries.
(Bredon 72, VI Theorem 2.1, see also Ziller 13, Theorem 3.0.2)
(-equivariant tubular neighbourhood)
Let be a smooth manifold, a Lie group and a proper action by diffeomorphisms.
For a closed smooth submanifold inside the fixed locus, a -equivariant tubular neighbourhood of in is
a smooth vector bundle equipped with a fiber-wise linear -action;
an equivariant diffeomorphism onto an open neighbourhood of in which takes the zero section identically to .
(-action on normal bundle to fixed locus)
Let be a smooth manifold, a Lie group and a proper action by diffeomorphisms.
Then linearization of the -action aroujnd the fixed locus equips the normal bundle with smooth and fiber-wise linear -action.
(e.g. Crainic-Struchiner 13, Example 1.7)
(existence of -equivariant tubular neighbourhoods)
Let be a smooth manifold, a Lie group and a proper action by diffeomorphisms.
If is a closed smooth submanifold inside the -fixed locus
then
admits a -equivariant tubular neighbourhood (Def. );
any two choices of such -equivariant tubular neighbourhoods are -equivariantly isotopic;
there always exists an -equivariant tubular neighbourhood parametrized specifically by the normal bundle of in , equipped with its induced -action from Def. , and such that the -equivariant diffeomorphism is given by the exponential map
with respect to a -invariant Riemannian metric (which exists according to Prop. ):
The existence of the -equivariant tubular neighbourhoods is for instance in Bredon 72 VI Theorem 2.2, Kankaanrinta 07, theorem 4.4. The uniqueness up to equivariant isotopy is in Kankaanrinta 07, theorem 4.4, theorem 4.6. The fact that one may always use the normal bundle appears at the end of the proof of Bredon 72 VI Theorem 2.2, and as a special case of a more general statement about invariant tubular neighbourhoods in Lie groupoids it follows from Pflaum-Posthuma-Tang 11, Theorem 4.1 by applying the construction there to each point in for one and the same choice of background metric. See also for instance Pflaum-Wilkin 17, Example 2.5.
Arthur Wasserman, section 3 of: Equivariant differential topology, Topology Vol. 8, pp. 127-150, 1969 (doi:10.1016/0040-9383(69)90005-6pdf)
Glen Bredon, Introduction to compact transformation groups, Academic Press 1972 (pdf, ISBN:9780080873596)
Sören Illman, Equivariant algebraic topology, Princeton University 1972 (pdf)
Tammo tom Dieck, Section I.5 of: Transformation Groups, de Gruyter 1987 (doi:10.1515/9783110858372)
Marja Kankaanrinta, Equivariant collaring, tubular neighbourhood and gluing theorems for proper Lie group actions, Algebr. Geom. Topol. Volume 7, Number 1 (2007), 1-27 (euclid:agt/1513796653)
Markus Pflaum, Hessel Posthuma, X. Tang, Geometry of orbit spaces of proper Lie groupoids, Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik (Crelles Journal) 2014.694 [arXiv:1101.0180, doi:10.1515/crelle-2012-0092]
Wolfgang Ziller, Group actions, 2013 (pdf, pdf)
Marius Crainic, Ivan Struchiner, On the linearization theorem for proper Lie groupoids, Annales scientifiques de l’École Normale Supérieure, Série 4, Volume 46 (2013) no. 5, p. 723-746 (numdam:ASENS_2013_4_46_5_723_0 doi:10.24033/asens.2200)
Markus Pflaum, Graeme Wilkin, Equivariant control data and neighborhood deformation retractions, Methods and Applications of Analysis, 2019 (arXiv:1706.09539)
See also:
In relation to Chern-Weil theory and equivariant de Rham cohomology:
Last revised on September 25, 2022 at 12:43:35. See the history of this page for a list of all contributions to it.